翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Pioneer Square (Link station) ・ Pioneer Square South and Pioneer Square North ・ Pioneer Square Station ・ Pioneer Square, Seattle ・ Pioneer Stadium ・ Pioneer State Bank No. 36 ・ Pioneer State High School ・ Pioneer Street ・ Pioneer Surgical Technology ・ Pioneer Technology Center ・ Pioneer Telephone ・ Pioneer Telephone Cooperative (Oklahoma) ・ Pioneer Telephone Cooperative (Oregon) ・ Pioneer Terra ・ Pioneer Theatre Company ・ Pioneer Total Abstinence Association ・ Pioneer Township ・ Pioneer Township, Barry County, Missouri ・ Pioneer Township, Cedar County, Iowa ・ Pioneer Township, Graham County, Kansas ・ Pioneer Township, Michigan ・ Pioneer Township, Rice County, Kansas ・ Pioneer Trails ・ Pioneer Trunk Factory-C. A. Malm & Co. ・ Pioneer Union Elementary School District ・ Pioneer Union Elementary School District (Kings County) ・ Pioneer Unit Records ・ Pioneer Valley ・ Pioneer Valley Academy ・ Pioneer Valley Chinese Immersion Charter School Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Pioneer Total Abstinence Association ： ウィキペディア英語版 Pioneer Total Abstinence Association The Pioneer Total Abstinence Association of the Sacred Heart (PTAA) is an Irish organisation for Roman Catholic teetotallers. Its members are commonly called Pioneers. While the PTAA does not advocate prohibition, it does require complete abstinence from alcoholic drink from its members. It also encourages devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus as an aid to resisting the temptation of alcohol. Pioneers wear a lapel pin called a ''Pioneer pin'' with an image of the Sacred Heart, both to advertise the organisation and to alert others not to offer them alcohol. The association publishes a monthly magazine, ''The Pioneer''. ==History== The PTAA was founded in 1898 by James Cullen, SJ in response to widespread alcoholism among Irish Catholics as the earlier temperance movement of Father Mathew was fading from memory. In the 20th Century, the term ''Pioneer'' became synonymous with teetotallism among Irish Catholics, and the PTAA influenced public policy. In 1923, Eoin O'Duffy as Commissioner of the Garda Síochána (Civic Guard) encouraged members to join the PTAA, and allowed Gardaí to wear the Pioneer pin on their uniforms, in exemption to a general ban on symbols and adornments. The Irish Defence Forces also allow its personnel to wear the Pioneer pin on their uniforms, one of only two civilian symbols allowed to be worn in uniform, the other being the Fáinne. By 1948, the PTAA claimed 360,000 members. In 1956, a Commission of Enquiry into the licensing laws in the Republic of Ireland was appointed by the Minister for Justice, James Everett; the PTAA nominated one of the 22 members, John K. Clear.〔Butler, op. cit., pg 30.〕 Clear assented to the majority report of the Commission, which favoured easing the (widely disregarded) restrictions on opening hours of public houses introduced in 1925, although the Catholic hierarchy subsequently opposed the resulting Act.〔Butler, op. cit., pg 31.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pioneer Total Abstinence Association」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.